SURGICAL CLINIC

Integrated educational activity

Course Sheet

Academic Year of enrolment:

2016/2017

Optional/Mandatory:

Compulsory

Degree:

5-year Single Cycle Master's Degree Programme in VETERINARY MEDICINE

Language:

Italian

Moduls:

ANESTHESIOLOGY

3 credits
OPERATIVE MEDICINE

2 credits
ATTIVITA' ORIENTAMENTO

1 credits
SURGICAL CLINIC I

3 credits
SURGICAL CLINIC II

2 credits

Credits:

Programme Year:

Hours of classroom activity:

145

Prerequisites:

The preliminary knowledge necessary to adequately face the course are the following: a) knowledge of basic subjects and in particular of physics, chemistry and biology; b) knowledge of the topographical anatomy of small and large animals; c) knowledge of the physiology of the large systems and in particular of the locomotor, respiratory, cardio-circulatory, urinary, digestive and nervous systems; d) knowledge of surgical semiotics of small and large animals; e) knowledge of general pathology; f) knowledge of surgical pathology; g) knowledge of pharmacology and toxicology.

AF code:

40001680

Assessment Methods

Verification of learning:

1. Knowledge and understanding: a) knowledge of the procedures for carrying out the clinical examination, both direct and by means of instruments, on small and large domestic animals affected by a surgical pathology, in order to be able to issue the diagnosis and prognosis and propose therapy with anesthesia and analgesia included (DOC 2.5); b) rational approach to both scientific and clinical reasoning, considering their respective strengths and limitations (DOC 2.1).

2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: a) ability to perform basic surgical techniques during soft tissue surgery such as dieresis, exeresis, hemostasis and synthesis; b) ability to choose, dose and administer the anesthetic and analgesic agent suitable for specific surgical procedures as well as for monitoring during anesthesia.

3. Critical and judgment skills: a) ability to objectively and specifically evaluate each clinical case, as an individual patient and different from any other; b) the ability to choose, within the different surgical options, the most appropriate ones, judiciously taking into consideration the degrees of operational difficulty, the necessary experiences, the professional and economic commitments involved (DOC 1.18); c) ability to objectively assess the state of the anesthetized patient and knowing the necessary actions to safeguard their safety; d) adaptation to incomplete information, face unexpected events and adapt to change (DOC 1.11).

4. Ability to communicate what has been learned: a) ability to express oneself with teachers and fellow students using scientifically appropriate terminology, referring to the clinical signs of pathology, the relative anatomical references, the names of surgical pathologies, the names of the relative surgical techniques and therapies and the tools that can be used, as well as the methods of anesthesia and monitoring necessary in the specific case, in small and large animals.

5. Ability to continue learning independently: a) ability to autonomously propose methods of in-depth study of the topics of surgical clinic, operative medicine and anesthesiology discussed; b) curiosity to know further methods of clinical and instrumental investigation of the patient affected by a pathology of surgical interest and of new possibilities of their treatment and anesthesia; c) interest in bibliographic research on topics selected from those covered in the course.

6. Exam methods: The final exam consists of a test on topics chosen from those covered during the course, in oral form so that the student has large opportunity to demonstrate, and the teachers have the same ability to evaluate, the degree of the skills and knowledge acquired, in order to make an overall assessment that tends to be as objective as possible. The oral exam takes place using the Microsoft Teams platform in the “Clinica Chirurgica” class of the integrated course of Clinical Surgery. During the exam, the student must: a) demonstrate knowledge of the subject of the exam; b) express themselves correctly and with an appropriate scientific language; c) be able to associate the knowledge acquired in the course with concepts of pertinence of related disciplines; d) knowing how to solve the questions posed by the teacher and knowing how to rationally follow a speech conducted by the teacher, on hypothetical but still possible and realistic operative situations, inherent to the surgical clinic, operative medicine and anesthesiology of the various organ systems of small and large animals.

Teaching period

First semester

Objectives

The course aims to provide the student with the skills to carry out a clinical examination from a surgical point of view, to be able to recognize the pathology and issue an appropriate diagnosis with relative prognosis, to be able to identify the most suitable treatment and to be able to choose the most suitable anesthetic protocol to chance. The acquisition of skills and knowledge deriving from the course aims to give the student the opportunity to apply them from his first day of work, according to the Day One Competences (DOC).

Contents

Lectures: Direct clinical examination and manual skills on dogs, cats, horses and cattle affected by pathologies of surgical interest affecting the skeletal and locomotor systems, digestive, respiratory, urinary, nervous and other organs (DOC 2.5).
Characteristics and potential of equipment for instrumental investigation and for the treatment of surgical pathologies.
Principles of disease prevention and of promotion of health and animal welfare (DOC 2.9).
Methods of therapy of surgical pathologies and related tools. How to obtain and maintain asepsis in surgery (DOC 1.29).
Useful and necessary drugs to conduct local, locoregional or general anesthesia, in order to allow surgical treatment. Useful methods and equipment for administering anesthetic agents (DOC 1.30).
Techniques and means of pain assessment and analgesia (DOC 1.31).
Access to appropriate data sources on authorized medicinal products (DOC 1.25).
Methods of euthanasia and assessment of the conditions in which it is considered necessary (DOC 1.32).
Legislation and guidelines on the responsible use of medicines, including antimicrobials and anesthetics (DOC 2.8).
Consideration of the economic and emotional context in which the veterinarian operates (DOC 1.7).
Ethical and legal responsibilities towards the animals cared for, the environment, customers and society (DOC 1.1).
Principles of ethics in the surgical activity of the veterinarian, for decisions relating to animal welfare (DOC 2.12).
The use of animals in research experimentation and the 3R principle (DOC 2.2).
Principles of interpersonal interaction through correct communication for good teamwork (DOC 2.11).

Practical exercises: Handle and restrain patient safely in the various species of domestic animals (DOC 1.16).
Carrying out the direct clinical examination, the procedures necessary to formulate the diagnosis and therapy, on clinical cases brought to the examination (DOC 1.17 and 2.5).
Individual, group and environmental history of the patient (DOC 1.15).
Preparation of clinical records and reports (DOC1.5).
Properly and responsibly prescribing and administering medicines in accordance with the latest legislation and guidelines (DOC 1.26).
Use of tools and equipment useful for issuing a diagnosis of surgical pathology. Carrying out basic surgical therapies, with the inclusion of asepsis techniques both on surgical instruments and in the operating field and in the preparation of the surgeon (DOC 1.29).
Performing local and general anesthesia, including monitoring of vital parameters during surgery.
Attendance in emergency and participation in first aid activities (DOC 1.19).
Communication with the owner of the animals and with professional colleagues using appropriate language and respecting privacy (DOC 1.4).
Professional behavior within a multidisciplinary group in the clinical setting (DOC 1.6).
Effective communication and collaboration with diagnostic services, including through appropriate history (DOC 1.22).

Recommended Bibliography

1) Chirurgia dei piccoli animali. T.W. Fossum. traduzione della 4th Ed. Masson, 2013; 2) Le basi patogenetiche delle malattie chirurgiche nei piccoli animali. M.J. Bojrab. Giraldi editore, 2001. 3) Manuale di Clinica del cavallo. R.J. Rose. Traduzione della 2° Ed. Delfino editore, 2005. 4) Adams’. La zoppicatura nei cavalli. T.S. Stashak. Traduzione della 4° Ed. SBM, Noceto, 1990. 5) Anestesia del Cane, del Gatto e degli Animali non convenzionali. Autori: Bufalari Antonello, Lachin Adriano. Editore: Elsevier Editore 2012. 6) Anestesia e Analgesia Locoregionale del Cane e del Gatto. Autore: Francesco Staffieri. Editore: Poletto Editore 2013. 7) Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia fifth edition of Lumb & Jones (Inglese) Autori: Grimm, Lamont, Tranquilli, Greene, Robertson. Editore: Wiley Blackwell 2015. 8) Manual of Equine Anesthesia And Analgesia (Inglese) Autori: Doherty e Valverde. Editore: Blackwell Publishing 2006. 9) Farm Animal Anesthesia: Cattle, Small Ruminants, Camelids, and Pigs (Inglese) Autori: Lin Editore: Wiley Blackwell 2014.

Teaching Methods

Lectures and practical activities take place synchronously using the Microsoft Teams platform during the hours set out in the lesson calendar. These lessons are recorded on the same Teams platform in the classes of the integrated Clinical Surgery course. If and when the contingent situation (Covid19) will allow it, the lessons will return to being held face to face in the classroom.
The practical activity is carried out in groups of 5-6 students under the guidance of the lecturers of the course or their expert parigrade, during which the students practice in turn in carrying out the clinical examination and the procedures necessary to formulate the diagnosis, in carrying out the therapy and the anesthesia of the specific case (DOC 1.17).
Practical activities take place both in the outpatient clinic and in the operating room as well as in the field, always in compliance with the procedures to ensure interpersonal distancing and individual protection through PPE, without prejudice to any changes in epidemiological conditions or in the University directives, Region or National.
Both the theoretical and practical lectures take place constantly and continuously in an interactive form, where the teacher repeatedly draws the attention of one or more students at a time, inviting them to give their own answer to a question relating to the topic of the moment, both on a real clinical case and on still and moving images, including radiographic or ultrasound images. In the practical activities, the student is invited to participate actively in carrying out the surgical technique of the specific case, both during a clinical examination and during a surgical therapy, also as a self-verification of learning through group audit (DOC 1.14).
Lifelong professional learning and reflection on one's own and others' experience (DOC 1.13).
Critical evaluation of articles and presentations on surgical clinic topics (DOC 1.8).
How to recognize one's professional limitations and how to request assistance (DOC 1.12).

Contacts/More Information

The lessons are recorded on the Microsoft Teams platform in the "Surgical Clinic" class of the integrated course of Surgical Clinic together with the material used during the lessons.

Reception hours. Students can contact the teachers by e-mail at and by telephone or WhatsApp at any time, also to arrange a possible appointment on the Teams platform.

SURGICAL CLINIC

Course year: 1

Course year: 2

Course year: 3

Course year: 4

Course year: 5

Search form

SURGICAL CLINIC