AVIAN PATHOLOGY

Integrated educational activity

Course Sheet

Academic Year of enrolment:

2018/2019

Optional/Mandatory:

Compulsory

Degree:

5-year Single Cycle Master's Degree Programme in VETERINARY MEDICINE

Language:

Italian

Moduls:

AVIAN ANATOMY

1 credits
AVIAN PHYSIOLOGY

1 credits
AVIAN PATHOLOGY I

2 credits
AVIAN PATHOLOGY II

1 credits

Credits:

Programme Year:

Hours of classroom activity:

Prerequisites:

Knowledge of biochemistry , bacteriology and immunology , with particular regard to the pathogenic factors of microorganisms , mechanisms of immune defense against infections and diagnostic methods and general principles of epidemiology as well as the characteristics of the different anatomical and pathological lesions from certain diseases birds are considered preparatory to this course

AF code:

40003758

Assessment Methods

Verification of learning:

During the verification of the results, the acquired knowledge, clarity of presentation, connection skills, rigor and communication skills will be evaluated. At the end of the course, the student will have to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the anatomy of birds, the functioning of the systems and the main diseases of birds, particularly the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis and direct prophylaxis and indirect disease of poultry. They will also have the ability to apply and integrate this knowledge to solve problems related to anatomical, physiological and pathological characters and the ability to communicate and be able to clearly describe, to specialist and non-specialist interlocutors, the topics covered during the lessons. He will also be able to organize and carry out interventions both independently and in collaboration with other colleagues.
At the end of the course, therefore, the teacher will verify the student's knowledge and understanding of the anatomical peculiarities and functioning of the organs and systems related to the Aves class, knowledge of the activities related to the breeding, production and maintenance of animals and the ability of the student of:
- Having a correct approach towards poultry species in respect of animal welfare;
- Diagnose the main diseases of birds and the prophylaxis and prevention measures to be adopted in poultry farms in general and in the presence of pathological phenomena in particular;
- Collect information regarding the health and hygiene aspects of the farm and the solutions to be adopted for the solution of any problems that may arise;
- Evaluate the physical condition, well-being and nutritional status of an animal or group of animals and advise the client on the principles of breeding and feeding;
- Collect, store and transport samples, select appropriate diagnostic tests, interpret and understand the limitations of test results;
- Clearly communicate and collaborate with referral and diagnostic services, also providing appropriate history;
- Recognize the signs of possible notifiable, reported and zoonotic diseases, and take appropriate action, including notification to the competent authorities;
- Evaluate the interconnection between animal and human health and the environment in the presence of zoonotic diseases and the effects on human health;
- Verify and correctly apply the principles of biosecurity in poultry farms.
The exam will take place with an oral exam using the Microsoft Teams platform.

Teaching period

First semester

Objectives

The objective of the integrated avian pathology course is to provide the student with knowledge on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of birds and the skills to diagnose, prevent, control and eradicate diseases in poultry farms.
The course also allows the acquisition of the following day one competences:
- (1.10) Use professional skills to contribute to the advancement of veterinary knowledge and the One Health concept, in order to improve animal health and welfare, quality of animal care and veterinary public health;
- (1.15) Obtain an accurate and relevant medical history of the individual animal or group of animals and its environment;
- (1.20) Evaluate the physical condition, well-being and nutritional status of an animal or group of animals and advise the client on the principles of breeding and feeding.
- (1.21) Collect, store and transport samples, select appropriate diagnostic tests, interpret and understand the limitations of test results;
- (1.22) Clearly communicate and collaborate with referral and diagnostic services, also providing an appropriate chronology of events;
- (1.24) Recognize the signs of possible notifiable, reported and zoonotic diseases, and take appropriate action, including notification to competent authorities;
- (1.28) Apply the principles of biosecurity correctly;
- (1.33) Carry out a systematic macroscopic post mortem examination, record observations, sample tissues, store and transport them;
- (1.36) Provide advice and implement prevention and eradication programs appropriate to the species and in line with accepted standards of animal health, welfare and public health.
Frontal lessons: 37 hours.
Practical exercises: 20 hours away (the avian physiology module provides for the division of students into 3 groups.)

Contents

The Integrated Course is organized in four modules: Avian Anatomy, Avian Physiology, Avian Pathology 1 and 2. The anatomy module will deal with the general characteristics of the body of birds of species of veterinary interest. Integumentary system: plumage, skin glands, uropygium gland. Skin modifications: beak, crest, wattles, legs. Digestive system: oropharyngeal cavity, esophagus, goiter, glandular stomach, muscular stomach, intestine and related glands, cloaca. Urinary system: kidneys and ureters. Reproductive system: testes, ovaries, vas deferens and oviduct, chalcigenic chamber. Egg formation. Respiratory system: nasal cavities, trachea, syringes, lungs, air sacs, pneumatic bones and air circulation. The exercises will consist of dissections aimed at showing the anatomical characteristics of the birds.
Avian physiology will develop the functional aspects related to: the blood and cardiovascular system, the renal system and hydration mechanism, the alimentary and digestive system, the respiratory system and the different types of flight in terms of energy expenditure, the reproductive system, the deposition of the characteristics of the egg and development of the embryo, to the thermoregulation system with the characters of the main senses.
The avian pathology modules will deal with the main pathologies of bacterial, parasitic, nutritional and viral deficiencies. In particular, the main diseases present in the national territory in general and in particular regional ones as well as diseases with a high risk of introduction into our territory will be taken into consideration.

Recommended Bibliography

Konig-Liebich. Anatomia degli Animali Domestici, 3^ Ed. italiana, PICCIN 2020.
Pelagalli GV., Botte V. Anatomia veterinaria sistematica e comparata, cap. Uccelli. Edi Ermes, 2003.
Nickel R., Schummer A., Seiferle E. Trattato di Anatomia degli Animali domestici , vol. V. Casa Ed. Ambrosiana, 1984.
Silvia Cerolini, Margherita Marzoni Fecia di Cossato, Isabella Romboli: Avicoltura e coniglicoltura. Le point veterinaire, Italy.
B. W. Calnek - " Patologia Aviare" Piccin, Padova 2001
G. Asdrubali; A. Fioretti – “Manuale Di Patologia Aviare” - Point Vètèrinaire Italie 2009
Teacher lecture slides available on the moodle platform

Teaching Methods

All modules include theoretical lessons and practical exercises.
Avian Anatomy Module: synchronous online teaching on Microsoft Teams platform for both lessons and exercises through synchronous dissections. The anatomy module has a didactic setting in which the theoretical tools are provided in class to be able to follow the practical exercises with profit. The lectures themselves are never exclusively theoretical as they are accompanied by a direct relationship with anatomical preparations. During the course also anatomical dissections of birds will be performed to visualize the anatomical structures whose theoretical knowledge has been learned.
Avian physiology module: synchronous online teaching on the Microsoft teams platform for both lessons and exercises. The module includes theoretical lectures and in small groups of students practical exercises in the laboratory through the Microsoft Stream and Moodle (evet) platform. Similarly, the presentations and teaching material used during the lessons will be shared through the Teams and Moodle platform. Practical exercises will be organized through problem solving sessions that involve solving physiological problems through discussion and comparison with the teacher.
Avian pathology modules 1 and 2: synchronous online teaching on Microsoft teams platform for theoretical lessons. These will have the purpose of providing the student with the learning of a working method that allows them to acquire the correct methods to obtain a specific diagnosis for each pathology and the acquisition of analytical paths that, starting from the etio-epidemiological and pathogenetic aspects, provide the correct procedures for taking intervention actions both for preventive purposes and, where there is an outbreak of infection, prophylactic. The practical activities will be carried out asynchronously using the Microsoft Teams platform during the hours set by the timetable. They will be characterized by guided visits recorded at institutions and companies affiliated with the Department of Veterinary Medicine and laboratories - (clinical diagnosis and procedures to follow for a laboratory diagnosis - (blood sampling, organs, etc.), choice of samples to be sent to the laboratory, methods of sending the same samples interpretation of laboratory results.

Contacts/More Information

Readiness to offer individual assistance on line. Students will have access to Moodle platform to all the presentations on the topics covered in the lessons . Auxiliary teaching aids , in the form of films and slides , will be used mainly to highlight the symptoms and course of diseases , otherwise difficult to see during the course. Such additional material will be proposed during the course and will be available to students who wish to see him during preparation of the exam

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