The quantitative traits: The influence of environmental factors, the polygenic inheritance, the multifactorial hypothesis. Distribution of the phenotypic variance. Heritability. The response to selection.
Population Genetics: The concept of population. Gene frequencies and genotype frequencies. The law of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Factors that disturb the equilibrium: The mutation, the gene flow, the selection. The fitness concept and the selection coefficient. The genetic drift. The random mating. The Inbreeding and its measurement.
The reproductive systems and genetic structure of populations in the crops pecies.
Application of molecular methods in the plant breeding. Genetically modified crops (GMO crops).
