Introduction: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis. Mendelian Genetics: Mendel's laws; Genotype and Phenotype;. Multiple alleles. Gene interactions. Gene expression. Chromosome theory of heredity. Determination of sex. Sex-linked inheritance. Y Chromosome. Balancing X-chromosome/autosomes. Aspect and structure of chromosomes. Chromosomal mutations. Mapping of genes in eukaryotes. Recombination and crossing over. Bacterial genetics. Conjugation. Mapping of bacterial genes. Non-Mendelian inheritance. Origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts. Introduction to Molecular Genetics, structure and function of DNA, Genetic code, Protein synthesis. Population Genetics: The Hardy-Weinberg law and its deviations.