CELL CULTURE: introduction; utility in research and diagnostics, crop contamination. Biological risk associated with cells manipulation.
STERILITY: sterile conditions for the preparation of cell cultures. Using laminar flow hoods, sterile supplies and solutions.
EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS: incubators, refrigerators / freezers +4 ° C/-20 ° C; centrifuges, phase-contrast microscope.
MEDIA AND SUPPLEMENTS: composition of the principal media, animal sera, buffers and other supplements.
PROCEDURES: Preparation of cell cultures, trypsinization and passages of cells in vitro, cell count, freezing and thawing. Cell viability: trypan blue staining and MTT assay.
- Functions and composition of blood. Hemostasis.
- Morphological and functional organization of the cardiovascular system. Functional properties of the heart. Electrical and mechanical activity of the heart.
- Characteristics of respiratory anatomy and physiology. Functions of the respiratory system. Nervous and mechanic principles of ventilation.
- Structural and phisiological organization of the kidneys. Nephron. Concentration and dilution mechanisms of the urine.
- Digestion and absorption.
- Structural and phisiological organization of the nervous system. Sensory and motor systems. General phisiological processes in the neuron.
Contents :
1)Mendelian Genetics
a) Gregor Mendel
b) Mendel’s Laws
c) Monohybrid Cross
d) Dihybrid Cross
e) Trihybrid Cross
f ) Pedigree Analysis
2)Exensions/Exceptions to Mendelian Ratios
a) Multiple Alleles
b) Incomplete Dominance
c) Codominance
d) Lethal Alleles
e) Epistasis
f) Penetrance
g) Pleiotropy
h) Phenocopy
i) Mitochondrial Genes
3)Nucleotide mutations: Point Mutations, base-pair insertions or deletions
4)Sex chromosomes
a) Differences of X and Y chromosomes
b) X inactivation
c) Genomic Imprinting
5)Cytogenetics
a) Karyotypes
b) Polyploidy
c) Aneuploidy
d) Duplications, Deletions
6) Population genetics
a) genotype and allele frequencies using the Hardy-Weinberg equation.