Ancient Roman society; the Republican constitution; the spread of Roman power; the conquest of Italy and the system of Roman Italy; Mediterranean predomination; Senatorial aristocracy; the equestrian order; slavery; from the Gracchi brothers to the great military leaders: Gaius Marius, Silla, Caesar, Pompeus, Marc Anthony; Augustus; the end of the Republic; from the Julio-Claudian emeperors to the provincial emperors; the crisis of the Roman empire; the Diocletian reform; Constantine's innovations; from paganism to Christianity; Theodosius; the barbaric kingdoms of the west; The Eastern empire from 476 a.d. and Justinian.
The Westen provinces of the empire from the Republican period to the Imperial age.