- General concepts (by Giordano).
1.Woody plants, trees, and their parts: root, trunk and canopy.2.Trunk morphology ad structure. Anatomic sections, growing rings. Sapwood. Hardwood. Knags.
Lectures: 1
Practices: 1
- Wood anatomy (by Nardi-Berti).1.Introduction: wood raw material; the plant cell.
2.Structure and composition of the cell wall: the middle lamella; the primary, secondary and tertiary wall; the main components of the cell wall; lignin deposition in the cell wall.
3.Woody cells and their functions: tracheyds, fibres, vessels, parenchyma cells and secretor cells.
4.The main wood type: the wood of gymnosperms and angiosperms; the woods of reaction.
5.Recognition of the main woods of national interest: sample preparation; principles of macro and microscopic recognition.
Lectures: 6
Practices: 5
- Wood characteristics (by Bonamini, Cividini, and Giordano).
1.Wood physical characteristics: the wood/water/air system; the wood/calor system; the wood electricity system; wood permeability; acoustic characteristics.
2.Mechanical characteristics of the wood: general concepts; elasticity and plasticity; mechanical resistance; wood of branches, roots and bark.
3.Influence of ecology and selvicolture on wood characteristics: characters of the site; woody species and genetic factors, selvicolture technology.
4.Influence of wood defects on technologic characteristics: generalities; classification of the main wood defects.
Lectures: 3
Practices: 1
- Wood trade (by Nardi-Berti).
1.Wood standards.
2.Trade characters and use of different woods of national and local interest.
Lectures: 2
Practices: 1
- Cork technology.1.The raw material: cork anatomy and physic-chemical characteristics; policy and technology of cork production.
2.The cork cycle: maturing, blanching; main treatments.
3.Trade: the main cork products; panels.
Lectures: 4
Practices: 2
- Forestry processes.
1.Forestry geography: the world market of the wood; the situation in European Union and Italy; the forestry processes in Italy.
2.Generalities on forestry processes: process typologies; harvest time; wood classification in order to program the process; work phases of wood process.
3.Prelimnary cycle: data harvest to know the wood; work program; the process project.
4.Technological cycle: the tree cutting down; mechanical cutting down; the branch cutting; trunk cutting; bark removal; wood chipping.5. The cycle of carriage: phases definition; concentration systems; carriage systems; the choice of a carriage system.
6. Forestry road network: the importance for the processes; classification of the forestry road network; project of a forestry road or track.
7.Work organization of the process: workers problems; work management systems.
8.Efficiency of process phases.
Lectures: 5
Practices: 2
- The forestry yards.
1. Technical and logistic efficiency.
2. Choice of technological solutions and measuring of equipment and work-tools.
3. Work direction and management of workers.
4. Yard security and relative policies.
Lectures: 5
Practices: 2
- Woody biomasses, paper production, energy and other uses.
1. Selvicolture and biomass production for energy or industry uses.
2. Woody materials and aptitude to combustion or paper production.
4. The cycle of paper production: differences in the industry processes.
5. The recycled paper.
6. Forestry processes, by-products and industry treatment of materials.
7. Alternative uses of woody biomasses and of their by-products.
Lectures:6
Practices: 2